Aniak is located on the south bank of the Kuskokwim River. Aniak is a Yup'ik word which means "the place where it comes out," referring to the mouth of the Aniak River.
A Russian-era trader is credited with the discovery of gold near Aniak in 1932.
Aniak is accessible by air and river. Several fishing and hunting Outfitters and Guides are based out of Aniak.