Caldwell is the seat of Canyon County, along I-84 between the Oregon border and Boise. It lies in the Treasure Valley near the Boise River. The city is surrounded by the Weiser, Owyhee and Boise mountains.
Caldwell saw its start as an Oregon Short Line Railroad construction camp. The city was established in the late 1800s.
Today Caldwell, population 18,400, is the hub of one of the top-producing agricultural counties in the nation. Tours of the area take one behind the scenes into working farms, ranches, orchards, dairies and vineyards, with a chance for some cheese and wine tasting along the way. Caldwell is home to the Warhawk Air Museum, which exhibits aircraft and memorabilia from World War II. The community experiences four seasons, including hot, dry summers and fewer than 11 inches of rain annually. An hour's drive offers numerous recreational opportunities, such as boating, skiing and hiking.
Caldwell is part of the Boise, Idaho metro area.