Located in the Northwest Region of Kansas, running from west to east and comprised primarily in ten counties. The counties are; Wallace County, Logan County, Gove County, Trego County, Ellis County, Russell County, Lincoln County, Ellsworth County, Saline County, Dickinson County.
The minor river basins or watersheds in the Smoky Hill River Drainage Basin are; Smoky Hill River, Ladder, Saline, Big and Hackberry.